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2018年3月12日 (月) 13:15時点における版
On this page we'll finally learn some useful phrases for exchange students, queries and the Indicative Future as a bonus.
Questions
Estonian | English | Notes |
---|---|---|
mis? | what? | Decl: mis? mille? mida? |
kes? | who? | Decl: kes? kelle? keda? |
kus? | where? | |
millal? | when? | |
miks? milleks? mille jaoks? |
why? for what? |
Nouns
- köök - köögi - kööki - kitchen
- pood - poe - poodi - store/shop
- tuba - toa - tuba - room (of a building)
- vannituba - bathroom (not always with a toilet)
- WC - room with a toilet (Water Closet)
Verbs
Verbs in Estonian have two kinds of Infinitives, ending with -ma and -da. The -ma Infinitive is used in dictionaries to list verbs. Here we'll show how to conjugate when given a -ma Infinitive. Some are straightforward while others take some additional vowels or change entirely.
English | -ma Infinitive | mina | sina | tema | meie | teie | nemad |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
to come | tulema | tulen | tuled | tuleb | tuleme | tulete | tulevad |
to arrive | saabuma | saabun | saabud | saabub | saabume | saabute | saabuvad |
to buy | ostma | ostan | ostad | ostab | ostame | ostate | ostavad |
to go | minema | lähen | lähed | läheb | läheme | lähete | lähevad |
to leave | lahkuma | lahkun | lahkud | lahkub | lahkume | lahkute | lahkuvad |
to get | saama | saan | saad | saab | saame | saate | saavad |
Estonian Future
Estonian verbs have no Indicative Future. Instead, the Indicative Present shows the Future. Often the verb saama (to get) is used with the appropriate Nominal form of the verb (not Nominative case) to indicate the Future as well, which we won't be covering here yet.
Adverbs of time and Pronouns of space
Estonian | English |
---|---|
täna | today |
homme | tomorrow |
varsti | soon |
hilja | late |
siin | here |
seal | there |
Phrases
Kus on Toomas? Translation
Where is Toomas?
Translation
When is Katrin coming?
Translation
Katrin will come soon
Katrin is coming soon Translation
Who is coming today?
Translation
Where is the kitchen?
Translation
Why is Martin here?
Translation
Why is Martin here?
Translation
Where is the shop?
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