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Vigorous action (トーク | 投稿記録) M en:Estonian/Pluralからインポート済みの2版: Wikibooks:インポート依頼&oldid=118768 |
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2018年3月12日 (月) 13:18時点における最新版
In this lesson we'll learn about the Plural quantity, the Null subject and impersonal verbs.
Plural[編集]
English | Nominative s. | Genitive s. | Accusative s. | Nominative pl. | Genitive pl. | Accusative pl. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
this | see | selle | seda | need | nende | neid | |
cat | kass | kassi | .kassi | kassid | kasside | .kasse .kassisid | |
dog | koer | koera | .koera | koerad | koerade koerte |
.koeri .koerasid | |
newspaper | ajaleht | ajalehe | aja.lehte | ajalehed | aja.lehtede | aja.lehti aja.lehtesid | |
cup | tass | tassi | .tassi | tassid | tasside | .tasse .tassisid | |
mug | kruus | kruusi | .kruusi | kruusid | kruuside | .kruuse .kruusisid | |
Adjectives | |||||||
big | suur | suure | suurt | suured | suurte | .suuri .suuresid | |
small | väike | väikse väikese |
väikest väikset |
väikesed väiksed |
väikeste väiksete |
väikseid väikeseid | |
heavy difficult |
raske | raske | rasket | rasked | raskete | raskeid | |
light easy |
kerge | kerge | kerget | kerged | kergete | kergeid | |
enough sufficient |
.piisav | .piisava | .piisavat | .piisavad | .piisavate | .piisavaid |
Plural direct object[編集]
In Partitive we learned that there are some verbs that distinguish between partial and whole direct objects like "võtma" - to take. In the whole case, these verbs took the Genitive instead of the Accusative. With plural direct objects, they will instead take the Nominative:
- Verb with distinction: Whole: ta võtab kruusi - ta võtab kruusid. Partitive: ta võtab .kruuse
- Verb without distinction: Whole: ta tahab seda - ta tahab neid. Partitive: ta tahab neid
Nouns[編集]
- raha (uncountable) - money
- töö - job, work
Adverbs[編集]
- ka - also, as well
- samuti - synonym of ka
- väga - very
- .liiga - too, excessively
- palju - many
- vähe - little, too little
- pisut - little
- veidi - synonym of pisut
- .liiga vähe - too little
- .liiga pisut - synonym of liiga vähe, but adopted from western European languages and might sound slightly foreign
- .piisavalt/.piisavasti - enough-adverbial. This is available in the two common adverb endings -lt and -sti
Verbs[編集]
- hoidma - hoia - to hold
- leidma - leia - to find
- üles leidma/leidma üles - üles leia/leia üles - whole of "leidma". "Üles" here is similar to "ära" in Partitive
- otsima - otsi - to look for/to search
- andma - anna - to give
Phrases[編集]
Ta otsib .kruuse Translation
He is looking for mugs
Translation
There are too many dogs here
Translation
He gives enough money
Translation
You do this too little
Translation
I know that this newspaper is very big
Translation
His/Her dog is too small too
Even his/her dog is too small Translation
I must find every cup
Translation
Is there enough of this?
Translation
He does a very simple job
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